Last update 18/10/2009
Eric Semail
Professor in
Electrical Engineering (laboratory L2EP)
Arts et Métiers PARISTECH
centre de Lille
Boulevard Louis XIV
59046 Lille Cedex
France
Tel: 00 33 (0)3 20 62 15 61
eric.semail@ensam.eu
Present Employment
v Associate professor in electrical engineering at Arts et Métiers Paristech (ENSAM) Centre de Lille (France).
v Member of the Laboratory of Power Electronics and Electrical Engineering
of
Previous Employment
v 1988-2001 Professor (Agrégé) in Electrical Engineering at USTL
(University Lille 1, Sciences and Technologies) of France.
Training and
Qualifications
v
1986: ENS_CACHAN graduate:
Teaching degree “Agrégation” and Master of Science in Electrical
Engineering from ENS_Cachan- Orsay-Paris XI
v
2000: PhD thesis in Electrical Engineering, USTL. “Tools and studying method of polyphase electrical systems,
Generalization of the space vector theory "
v
2009: HDR “Habilitation à Diriger des
Recherches”, thesis in Electrical
Engineering, USTL. « Multiphase drives: towards a system
approach »
Main area research (download
the list_of_publications)
In
Laboratory of Electrical Engineering of Lille (L2EP) in France, his fields of interest
include design, modelling and control of multi-phase drives (converters
and AC Drives).
More generally he studies Multi-machine
and Multi-converter systems .
- Extended Concordia and Park
Transformations for multiphase machines
- Multi-Machine Multi-Converters System
Modelling
- Study of Multi-phase Brushless DC Machine
with surface mounted magnets
- Development of Control Structures in PWM
and DTC
- Study of fault-tolerant case (open-phase,
short-circuit)
- Design of axial flux, radial flux PM machines.
- Practical Experiments with DSPACE control
board
PHD -
Thesis
« Tools and studying method of polyphase electrical systems,
Generalization of the space vector theory”, June 2000, USTL, LILLE
« Multiphase drives: towards a system approach », July 2009, USTL, LILLE, (abstract, thesis
in french).
About the generalization of the space-vector theory
(complex phasors)
3D- representation in VRML of 3-leg VSI
(using this ,it is possible to move
the cube)
(to view with VRML: free program )
( cube , hexagones in space , sinusoidal
in space)
Figure 3 : geometrical
description of different modulation (extract from EPE 2001 congress)
“Click
for an animation of flat top modulation in space”
(3-dimensional view of Flatop
modulations)
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(How to calculate the dwell times for multi-leg VSI ?)
(How to calculate quickly the dwell times for multi-leg VSI ?)
Modelling
of series connected multiphase machines
Participation
in the Supervision of:
Ø PhD thesis of Xavier Kestelyn:
« Modélisation
Vectorielle Multimachines pour la Commande des Ensembles Convertisseurs -
Machines Polyphasés », 12-04-2003, USTL LILLE, (thesis in french)
(http://xavier.kestelyn.free.fr/)
Ø PhD thesis of Fabrice Locment:
« Conception
et modélisation d’une machine synchrone à 7 phases à aimants permanents et flux
axial : commande vectorielle en modes normal et dégradé. », 12-11-2006, USTL LILLE. (abstract, thesis
in french)
(http://fabrice.locment.free.fr/)
Ø PhD thesis of Franck Scuiller :
« Développement d’outils de Conception de Machines Polyphasées à aimants utilisant l’approche Multimachine», 12-13-2006, ENSAM, PARIS, (thesis in french, presentation)
(http://www.ecole-navale.fr/fr/irenav/cv/scuiller/index.htm)
(Bezier Award from Arts&Métiers)
Ø PhD thesis of Antoine Bruyere :
«Modelling and control of a 7-phase starter-alternator for an automotive micro-hybrid application », 05-06-2009, ENSAM, PARIS, ( abstract , thesis in french)
|
Figure 13:
Numerical study of a 7-phase axial flux machine (F. Locment) |
Publications (download full list
doc, pdf)
International
Revues/abstracts (Of course you can contact me for more information.)
[R1] Semail E., Rombaut C.
RIGE, Volume 3 n°3/2000 p
437 à 440.
[R2] Semail E., Rombaut C.
New tools for studying voltage-source
inverters
IEEE
Power Engineering Review, Vol 22, n°3, March 2002, pp 47-48.
[R3] A. Bouscayrol, P. Delarue, E. Semail, J.P. Hautier, J. N. Verhille
RIGE, Volume 5, n°3-4/2002, pp 431-453
[R4] Delarue P., Bouscayrol A., Semail E.
Generic
control method of multi-leg voltage-source-converters for fast practical implementation (abstract) URL
IEEE
Transactions on POWER ELECTRONICS, Volume18, n°2 / march 2003, pp.
517 – 526.
[R5] E. Semail,, A. Bouscayrol, J.P. Hautier
Vectorial
formalism for analysis and design of polyphase synchronous machines (abstract) URL
EPJ
AP(European Physical Journal-Applied Physics), Vol 22 N°3 2003 pp. 207-220
[R6] A.Bouscayrol, B. Davat, B.
de Fornel, B. François, J. P. Hautier, F. Meibody-Tabar, E. Monmasson, M.
Pietrzak-David, E. Monmasson, H. Razik, E. Semail., M. F. Benkhoris.
Control structures for Multi-machine Multi-converter Systems
with upstream coupling . (abstract) URL
Transactions
of IMACS on Mathematical and Computers in Simulations, Vol. 63,
no3-5, pp. 261-270, November 2003 (common paper of GE
[R7] A. Bouscayrol, B. Davat, P. Escané, B. de
Fornel, B. François, D. Hadiouche, J. P.
Hautier, J. P. Martin, F. Meibody-Tabar, E. Monmasson, V. de Olivera, R.
Peña-Eguiluz, J. Pierquin, M. Pietrzak-David, H. Razik, E. Semail.
Structures de commande des Systèmes Multi-machines
Multi-convertisseurs
RIGE, Volume 6, n°3-4/2003, pp307-324
[R8] Benkhoris M, Merabtene M,
Meibody F., Davat B., Semail E.
Approches de modélisation de la Machine Synchrone Double Etoile alimentée par
des onduleurs de tension en vue de la commande URL
RIGE, Volume 6, n° 5-6/2003, pp 579-608
[R9] X.
Kestelyn, E. Semail ,
Multi-phase System Supplied by SVM VSI: A New
Fast Algorithm to Compute Duty Cycles URL
EPE Journal, Vol 14, no 3, august 2004.
[R10] F. Scuiller, E. Semail, J.F. Charpentier, S.
Clénet,
Comparison
of conventionnal and unconventionnal 5-phase PM motor structures for naval
application system, (abstract), ISSN 1790-031X
IASME TRANSACTIONS, Issue 2, Volume 1, April 2004, pp
365-370.
[R11] E.
Semail, F. Meibody-Tabar,
Représentations SMM de
machines polyphasées, (abstract) URL
RIGE, Vol. 8,
n°2/2005, pp. 221-239
http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=16814090; ISSN: 1295-490X
[R12] F. Locment, E. Semail, F. Piriou,
Design and Study of a Multi-phase Axial-flux
machine, (abstract)
URL
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. n°42, n°4, april
2006, pp. 1427-1430.
[R13] E. Semail, X. Kestelyn, F. Locment
Fault Tolerant Multiphase Electrical Drives:
The Impact Of Design URL
EPJ AP (European Physical Journal-Applied Physics), Vol 43, n°2, August 2008 pp.
159-163 (free access on line)
[R13] F. Locment,
Vectorial
Approach Based Control of a Seven-Phase Axial Flux Machine Designed for Fault
Operation (abstract)
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol 55,
n°10, pp. 3682-3691, oct 2008 ; URL
[R14] F. Locment,
Vectorial
Approach Based Control of a Seven-Phase Axial Flux Machine Designed for Fault
Operation (abstract)
IEEE Trans. on Industrial
Electronics, Vol
55, n°10, pp. 3682-3691, oct 2008,
[R15] F. Scuiller,
Multi-criteria based design approach of multiphase permanent magnet low
speed synchronous machines
IET
Trans. Electric Power Applications, March 2009,
Vol 3, Issue 2, p. 102-110.
doi: 10.1049/iet-epa:20080003. URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=4797497&isnumber=4797494
International
Conferences/abstracts (Of course you can contact me for more informations.)
[CI1] Semail E., Rombaut C.
“New method to calculate the conduction
durations of the switches in a n-leg
2-level Voltage Source ", (poster)
EPE 2001 (European Power Electronics Congress), 27-29
August, 2001, Graz, Austria, CDROM.
[CI2] Bouscayrol A., Delarue P., Semail E., François B., Hautier J.P..
Control
Method for Multi-leg Voltage Source Inverters. (abstract)
EPE 2001 (European Power Electronics
Congress), 27-29 August, 2001, Graz, Austria, CDROM.
[CI3] Kestelyn X., Semail E., Hautier JP.
Vectorial
Multi-machine Modeling for a Five-Phase Machine (poster)
ICEM2002 (International Congress on Electrical Machines), Brugges, August 2002, CDROM.
[CI4] Martin
J. P., Semail E., Pierfederici S.,
Bouscayrol A., Meibody-Tabar F., Davat B.
Space Vector Control of 5-phase PMSM supplied
by q H-bridge VSIs (abstract)
ElectrIMACS 2002,
Montreal,
August 2002, CDROM
[CI5] E.Robert-Dehault, M.F Benkhoris, E.Semail
Study of a 5-phases
synchronous machine fed by PWM inverters under fault conditions. (abstract)
ICEM2002 , Brugge, August 2002, CDROM
[CI6] A.Bouscayrol, B. Davat, B. de Fornel, B. François, J. P. Hautier, F.
Meibody-Tabar, E. Monmasson, M. Pietrzak-David, E. Monmasson, H. Razik, E.
Semail., M. F. Benkhoris.
Control structures
for Multi-machine Multi-converter Systems with upstream coupling. (abstract)
ElectrIMACS 2002, Montreal, August 2002, CDROM
[CI7] B. François, E. Semail
EPE-PEMC 2002, Cavtat & Dubrovnik, September 2002, CDROM
[CI8] X.
Kestelyn, E. Semail, JP. Hautier,
Multiphase
system supplied by PWM VSI. A new technic to compute the duty cycles,
EPE 2003 (European Power Electronics Congress), 5-7
september, 2003,
[CI9] E. Semail, X. Kestelyn, A.
Bouscayrol,
Right Harmonic Spectrum for the back-electromotive force of a
n-phase synchronous motor (abstract, presentation)
IAS 2004 (IEEE Industrial Application
Society Annual Meeting),
[CI10] F. Scuiller, E.
Semail, J.F. Charpentier, S. Clénet,
WSEAS 2004 , ELECTROSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR
NAVAL ENGINEERING and ALL-ELECTRIC SHIP,
[CI11]
E. Semail, X. Kestelyn, A. Bouscayrol,
PESC 2004 (IEEE Power Electronics Specialists
Conference),
[CI12] X. Kestelyn, E. Semail, A.
Bouscayrol
IEMDC 2005 ( International Electric Machines and
Drives Conference),
[CI13] F. Locment, E. Semail, F.
Piriou,
“Design and Study of a Multi-phase Axial-flux
machine”,
(abstract)
COMPUMAG 2005,
[CI14] F. Locment, E. Semail, X.
Kestelyn,
“ Optimum
use of DC bus by fitting the back-electromotive force of a 7-phase Permanent
Magnet Synchronous machine”, (abstract) (poster)
EPE 2005 (European Power Electronics Congress),
[CI15] E. Semail, A. Bouscayrol, E. Levi, A. Bouscayrol, X.
Kestelyn,
” Multi-Machine
Modelling of Two Series Connected 5-phase Synchronous Machines: Effect of
Harmonics on Control”, (abstract) presentation
EPE 2005 (European Power Electronics Congress),
[CI16] A. Bouscayrol, P. Delarue, B. de Fornel, J.
P. Hautier, F. Meibody-Tabar, E. Monmasson, M. Pietrzak-David, H. Razik, E.
Semail, M.F. Benkhoris,
EPE 2005 (European Power Electronics Congress),
[CI17] F.
Scuiller, J.F. Charpentier, S. Clénet, E. Semail,
AES 2005 ( All-Electric Ship) 13-14 October 2005,
Paris/Versailles,
[CI18] F. Locment, T. Henneron, E. Semail, F. Piriou,
« Using
3D-FEM for design of an axial flux seven-phase machine”, (abstract)
EMF2006 (Symposium On ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC
FIELDS), June 19-22, 2006, Aussois (FRANCE).
[CI19] X. Kestelyn, Y. Crévits, E. Semail,
« Investigation
on Vector control of three-phase synchronous machines under fault supply
condition”, (abstract), ISBN: 1-4244-0193-3
SPEEDAM (Symposium of Power
Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion) 23-26 May 2006 -
[CI20] F. Locment, E.Semail, X. Kestelyn,
“A vector controlled axial flux seven-phase
machine in default mode”, (abstract)
ICEM2006 (International Congress on
Electrical Machines), Sept. 2 – 5, 2006, Chania (
[CI21] F. Locment, E. Semail, F. Piriou,
« Soft
Magnetic Composite Axial flux seven-phase machine”, (abstract, presentation)
ICEM2006 (International Congress on
Electrical Machines), Sept. 2 – 5, 2006, Chania (
[CI22] F. Scuiller, J.F. Charpentier, E. Semail, S. Clénet,
ICEM2006 (International Congress on
Electrical Machines), Sept. 2 – 5, 2006, Chania (
[CI23] D. Vizireanu, X. Kestelyn, S. Brisset, P. Brochet, and E. Semail,
« Experimental Tests on a 9-phase
Direct-Drive PM Axial-Flux Synchronous Generator”, (abstract)
ICEM2006 (International Congress on
Electrical Machines), Sept. 2 – 5, 2006, Chania (
[CI24] F. Locment, E.
Semail, X. Kestelyn, A. Bouscayrol
“Control of a seven-phase axial flux
machine designed for fault operation “(abstract, presentation, Movie on experimental set-up 22Mb)
IECON’06, IEEE International Conference On Industrial Applications of Electronics, Conservatoire National des Arts & Métiers – Paris – France, November 7 – 10, 2006.
[CI25] P. J.
Barre, A. Bouscayrol, P. Delarue, E. Dumetz, F. Giraud, J. P. Hautier, X.
Kestelyn, B. Lemaire-Semail, E. Semail
“Inversion-based control of
electromechanical systems using causal graphical descriptions “(abstract)
IECON’06, IEEE International Conference On
Industrial Applications of Electronics,
Conservatoire National des Arts & Métiers – Paris – France, November
7 – 10, 2006.
[CI26] F.
Scuiller, J.F. Charpentier, E. Semail, S. Clénet, P. Letellier
T-POD’06, Conference on Podded propulsion
technological Advance,
[CI27] F. Locment, A. Bruyere, E. Semail, X.
Kestelyn, J. M. Dubus
“Comparison
of 3-, 5- and 7-leg Voltage Source Inverters for low voltage applications” (abstract, URL, ask me for complete paper)
IEMDC’07, ( International Electric Machines and
Drives Conference), 3-5 May,
[CI28] X. Kestelyn,
Y. Crevits, F. Locment, E. Semail
“Easy-to-Implement
Integral Numerical Simulation of Multi-phase Drives under Fault Supply
Condition” (abstract, URL, ask me for complete paper)
IEMDC’07, ( International Electric Machines and
Drives Conference), 3-5 May,
[CI29] F. Scuiller, J-F Charpentier, E. Semail, S. Clenet,
“Comparison
of two 5-phase Permanent Magnet machine winding configurations. Application on
naval propulsion specifications.” ( abstract,
URL , ask me for complete paper)
IEMDC’07, ( International Electric Machines and
Drives Conference), 3-5 May,
[CI30] L. Drouen, J-F. Charpentier, E. Semail, S. Clenet,
“Study of
innovative electrical machines fitted to marine current turbines” (abstract, URL, ask me for complete paper)
OCEANS '07 ( IEEE/OES Conference), 2007, 18-21
june,
[CI31] T. Henneron, F. Locment, E. Semail, F. Piriou
“Predetermination
of Currents and Field in Short-Circuit Voltage Operation for an Axial-Flux
Permanent Magnet” (abstract)
CEFC 2008 (IEEE Conference on
Electromagnetic Field Computation),
http://www.cefc2008.gr/cefc2008/
[CI32] L. Drouen, J-F. Charpentier, F. Hauville, E. Semail, S. Clenet,
“A
coupled electromagnetic / hydrodynamic model for the design of an integrated
rimdriven“
ElectrIMACS, 2008, 8-11 June,
http://www.electrimacs2008.org/
[CI33] A. Bruyere, E. Semail, F. Locment, A. Bouscayrol, J-M Dubus, J.C. Mipo
“Identification of sensitive R-L
parameters of a Multi-phase drive by a vector control”
PESC 2008 ( IEEE Power Electronics Specialists
Conference),
[CI34] A. Bruyere, T. Henneron, F. Locment, E. Semail,
A. Bouscayrol, J.M. Dubus, J.C. Mipo
“Identification
of a 7-phase claw-pole starter-alternator for a micro-hybrid automotive
application” (abstract) (poster)
ICEM
2008, (International
Congress on Electrical Machines), Sept. 6-9, 2008, Vilamoura (
[CI35] F.
Meinguet, E. Semail, J. Gyselinck
“Enhanced
Torque Control of a PMSM Supplied by a Four-Leg Voltage Source Inverter Using
the Third Harmonic” (abstract)
ICEM
2008, (International
Congress on Electrical Machines), Sept. 6-9, 2008, Vilamoura (
[CI36] A. Bruyère, E. Semail, A. Bouscayrol, J. Charley, F. Locment, J.M. Dubus, J.C. Mipo
“Modeling
and Control of a 7-phase Claw-pole Starter-alternator for a Micro-hybrid
Automotive Application” (abstract)
VPPC 2008 ( IEEE Vehicle Power and
Propulsion Conference), Sept. 3-5, 2008,
http://www.vppc2008.com/en/ieee.htm
[CI37] L. Drouen, J-F. Charpentier, E. Semail, S. Clenet,
“Investigations
on the performances of the electrical generator of a rim-driven marine current
turbine”
ICOE 2008, 2nd
International Conference on Ocean Energy (ICOE 2008), 15th – 17th October 2008,
[CI38] X. Kestelyn, E.
Semail, Y. Crévits,
“Generation of On-line Optimal Current
References for Multi-phase Permanent Magnet Machines with Open-circuited
Phases”, IEMDC’O9,
IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference, 2009, Floride, USA.
National
Conferences/abstracts (Of course you can contact me for more information.)
[CN1] Semail E., Amberg M., Rombaut C.
Onduleur de courant M.L.I. triphasé : prise en compte originale des non linéarités.
EPF 2000, Lille, novembre 2000, p 383 à p 388.
[CN2] E. Semail, X. Kestelyn
Modélisation multi-machine d'une machine
synchrone polyphasée.
EF'2001 (Électrotechnique du Futur), 14-15 Novembre, 2001, pp. , Nancy, France.
[CN3] E. Semail, X. Kestelyn, A. Charlier,
Sensibilité d'une machine polyphasée aux harmoniques spatiaux,
EF’2003, Gif-sur-Yvette,Supelec, 9-10 décembre 2003, CD-ROM.
[CN4] E. Semail, F. Meibody-Tabar, M. F. Benkhoris, H. Razik, M. Pietrzak-David, E. Monmasson, A. Bouscayrol, B. Davat, Ph. Delarue, B. de Fornel, J. P. Hautier, J. P. Louis, S. Piefederici,
Représentations SMM de machines polyphasées,
EF’2003, Gif-sur-Yvette,Supelec, 9-10 décembre 2003, CD-ROM.
[CN5] P-J. Barre P-J., A. Bouscayrol., P. Delarue, E. Dumetz, F. Giraud, J.P. Hautier, B. Lemaire-Semail, X. Kestelyn, E. Semail,
« Commande par inversion pour
entraînements électromécaniques, principe et limites »,
Conférence Internationale
Francophone en Automatique (CIFA), Juin 2006, Bordeaux.
[CN6] L. Drouen, F. Scuiller, J-F Charpentier, E. Semail, S. Clenet
EF’2007, Toulouse, 6-7 septembre 2007 , CD-ROM.
[CN7] F. Scuiller, J-F Charpentier, E. Semail, S. Clenet
«Comparaison de bobinages polyphasés de machines synchrones a aimants permanents pour un cahier des charges de propulseur naval »
EF’2007, Toulouse, 6-7 septembre 2007 , CD-ROM.
[CN8] L. Lu, E. Semail, X. Kestelyn,
"Estimation de la
position d’une machine pentaphasee en controle vectoriel",
EF’2009, Compiègne, Congrès Electrotechnique du Futur, 9-2009.
[CN9] L. Drouen, JF. Charpentier, E. Semail, S. Clenet,
"Modèle
analytique intégrant des effets d’extrémité pour le pré-dimensionnement de
machines a aimants courtes et à grand entrefer",
EF’2009, Compiègne,
Congrès Electrotechnique du Futur, 9-2009.
Workshops
[CD1] A. Bouscayrol, Ph. Delarue, E. Semail, J. P. Hautier
"Présentation SMM du VAL 206 ".
GDR-SDSE Séminaire SMM'00, according to the MMS project of SDSE-GdR of the CNRS, 5-6 Février, 2001, Actes des journées, Lille.
[CD2] E. Semail, A. Bouscayrol, J. P. Hautier
"Pseudo-multimachines et commande".
GDR-SDSE Séminaire SMM'00, according to the MMS project of SDSE-GdR of the CNRS ,5-6 Février, 2001, Actes des journées, Lille.
[CD3] E. Semail, X. Kestelyn, A. Bouscayrol
" Concept multimachine pour machines polyphasées ".
GDR-SDSE Séminaire SMM'01, according to the MMS project of SDSE-GdR of
the CNRS, 25-26 Octobre, 2001, Actes des journées, Cachan.
[CD4] J. P. Martin, E. Semail, S. Pierfererici, A. Bouscayrol, F.
Meibody-Tabar, B. Davat,
" Commande de machines polyphasées basée sur une représentation
vectorielle généralisée".
GDR-SDSE Séminaire SMM'01, according to the MMS project of SDSE-GdR of
the CNRS, 25-26 Octobre, 2001, Actes des
journées, Cachan.
[CD5] A. Bouscayrol, B. Davat, P. Escané, B. de
Fornel, B. François,
" Structures de Commande de Systemes Multimachines
Multiconvertisseurs".
GDR-SDSE , according to the MMS project of SDSE-GdR of the CNRS
Décembre, 2001, Actes des journées, Lyon.
[CD6] Semail E., Kestelyn X.
" Analyse des harmoniques des machines fictives : couplages électriques ".
GDR-ME2MS, mars 2003, Séminaire SMM'03, Actes des journées, Saint Nazaire, according to the MMS project of ME2MS-GdR of the CNRS.
[CD7] Kestelyn X., Semail E., Hautier J.P.
" Critères de commande pour machines polyphasées ".
GDR-ME2MS, mars 2003, Séminaire SMM'03, according to the
MMS project of ME2MS-GdR of the CNRS.
[CD8] E. Semail, F. Meibody-Tabar,
« Machines
polyphasées: de la modélisation Multimachine à la commande »,
Journées du club EEA 2004, « Avion et électricité », Cergy-Pontoise, 18-19 mars 2004, publié dans revue 3EI.
[CD9] E. Semail
« Machines polyphasées
pour application maritime. Modélisation et contrôle »
Ecole d’été, « Formalismes Graphiques de Modélisation et de Commande de Systèmes Electromécaniques», Lille, 11 au 13 juillet 2005. (abstract, presentation)
http://www.univ-lille1.fr/l2ep/commande/ee/frame.htm
[CD10] E. Semail, F. Locment, X. Kestelyn
« Fault Fault-tolerant control of tolerant control of multi-phase
machines phase machines on based multi machine description », (abstract, Presentation, movie on experimental set-up, 22Mb)
International Workshop
“Modelling and control of electrical systems », Lille, 13 - 14 November 2006.
http://l2ep.univ-lille1.fr/commande/iw/iw-presentation.html
http://l2ep.univ-lille1.fr/commande/iw/presentations/ed-poly.htm
[CD11] E. Semail
“Evolution
des systèmes de propulsion électriques des navires”,
Journées du club EEA, 11-12 mars 2009, “Systemes electriques pour vehicules du futur »
BOOKS
[CB1] E. Semail, « Physique du génie Electrique », Technique et Documentation, Lavoisier, 1998, pp-220. (extracts) URL
[CB2] E. Semail, J-P Louis, G. Feld, chap 4, "Propriétés vectorielles des systèmes électriques triphasés", of « Modélisation des machines électriques en vue de leur commande : Concepts généraux (Traité EGEM, série Génie électrique), Hermes, Lavoisier, 2004. (abstract) URL
[CB3] X.
Kestelyn, E. Semail, « Alimentation polyphasée par onduleur de
tension », chapitre 8 du traité « Commande rapprochée de
convertisseurs statiques »
aux éditions Hermes, Traité EGEM , Série Génie
Electrique, pp. 33, septembre 2009 http://www.lavoisier.fr/fr/livres/index.asp?texte=2746220550&select=isbn&from=Hermes